Libraries

A former worker at a Polish shipyard, Walesa played an important role in bringing an end to Communist rule in Poland. He was actively involved in the establishment of free--therefore illegal under the Communist regime--trade unions in Poland. He played a key role in creating the first free Trade Union, "Solidarity," in 1980, which in turn led the Polish anti-Communist movement in the 1980s. After the fall of communism, he was elected the first President of Poland.  While he was never reelected, he still gained much international recognition, including winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983.

 

 

Balinska, Maria. "Missing the Vote." New Republic 203, no. 1 (1990): 9-11.

Baranczak, Stanislaw. "Eastern Europe: Heroes to Humans." Salmagundi 88 (1990): 7-16.

Besanson, Alain. "In Response to Adam Michnik." Uncaptive Minds 3, no. 4 (1990): 12-13.

Bollag, Burton. "Affirming Decline of Polish Universities, Walesa Stirs Hope for Eventual Progress." Chronicle of Higher Education 39, no. 8 (1992): A35ff-A35ff.

Boyes, Roger. The Naked President : A Political Life of Lech Walesa. London: Secker & Warburg, 1994.

Brolewicz, Walter. My Brother, Lech Walesa. 1st ed. New York: Tribeca Communications, 1983.

Buckley Jr, W. M. F. "Free Lech Walesa." National Review 34, no. 1 (1982): 70-71.

Craig, Mary. The Crystal Spirit : Lech Walesa and His Poland. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1986.

———. Lech Walesa : The Leader of Solidarity and Campaigner for Freedom and Human Rights in Poland, People Who Have Helped the World. Watford: Exley, 1989.

De Weydenthal, Jan B. "The First Hundred Days of Walesa's Presidency." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 14 (1991): 9-12.

Domber, Gregory F. "The Afl-Cio, the Reagan Administration and Solidarnosc." Polish Review 52, no. 3 (2007): 277-304.

Elster, Jon, and Stephen Holmes. "Walesa Adopts Proposal of Chicago Center Director." East European Constitutional Review 1, no. 1 (1992): 9-11.

Frankowski, Stanislaw. "Lech Walesa 'S Draft of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms." Saint Louis-Warsaw Transatlantic Law Journal (1996): 65-72.

Garton Ash, Timothy. The Polish Revolution: Solidarity. New York: Viking Penguin, 1991.

Goodwyn, Lawrence. Breaking the Barrier: The Rise of Solidarity in Poland. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

Grupinski, Rafal. "No Democracy without Proven Elites." Uncaptive Minds 4, no. 1 (1991): 60-64.

Hendon, David W., and James M. Kennedy. "Notes on Church-State Affairs: Poland." Journal of Church & State 38, no. 2 (1996): 448.

Husarska, Anna. "Walesa's War." New Republic 203, no. 4 (1990): 10-11.

———. "Warsaw Diarist: I, Walesa." New Republic 0, no. 19 (1994): 50-50.

Jasiewicz, Krzysztof. "From Solidarity to Fragmentation." Journal of Democracy 3, no. 2 (1992): 55-69.

Jaworski, Adam, and Dariusz Galasinski. "Unilateral Norm Breaking in a Presidential Debate: Lech Walesa Versus Aleksander Kwasniewski." Research on Language & Social Interaction 33, no. 3 (2000): 321-45.

Jelen, Christian, and Jacques Renard. "Man of the Year: Lech Walesa." National Review 33, no. 1 (1981): 32-37.

Karabel, Jerome. "Polish Intellectuals and the Origins of Solidarity: The Making of an Oppositional Alliance." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 26, no. 1 (1993): 25-46.

Karatnycky, Adrian. "The Age of Solidarity." New Republic 202, no. 24 (1990): 20-21.

———. "Walesa Runs for President." New Leader 73, no. 13 (1990): 2-13.

Kaye, Tony. Lech Walesa, World Leaders Past & Present. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989.

Kemp-Welch, A. The Birth of Solidarity. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991.

Korbonski, Andrzej. "East Central Europe on the Eve of the Changeover: The Case of Poland." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 32, no. 2 (1999): 139-53.

Kurski, Jaroslaw. Lech Walesa : Democrat or Dictator? Boulder: Westview Press, 1993.

Lazo, Caroline Evensen. Lech Walesa. 1st ed, Peacemakers;. New York : Dillon Press: Toronto, 1993.

Machcewicz, Pawel. "Poland 1986-1989: From 'Cooptation' to 'Negotiated Revolution'." Cold War International History Project Bulletin no. 12 (2001): 93-129.

Mazurkiewicz, Anna. "Polish Presidents 1947-2000 from the American Vantage Point." East European Quarterly 37, no. 4 (2003): 475-96.

Michnik, Adam. "My Vote against Walesa." New York Review of Books 37, no. 20 (1990): 47-50.

Millard, Frances. "Presidents and Democratization in Poland: The Roles of Lech Walesa and Aleksander Kwasniewski in Building a New Polity." Journal of Communist Studies & Transition Politics 16, no. 3 (2000): 39.

Modzelewski, Karol. "Who and What Makes a Leader." Uncaptive Minds 3, no. 5 (1990): 32-33.

Osiatynski, Wiktor. "After Walesa." East European Constitutional Review 4, no. 4 (1995): 35-44.

———. "Agent Walesa?" East European Constitutional Review 1, no. 2 (1992): 28-30.

———. "A Letter from Poland. Coalition, Opposition, and Presidency in Turmoil." East European Constitutional Review 4, no. 2 (1995): 35-42.

Osiatynski, Wiktor, and Krzysztof Moscicki. "Lech Walesa: Profile and Interview." East European Constitutional Review (Fall 1993-Winter 1994), no. 1 (1993): 40-46.

Pope, Victoria. "Lech-Luster." New Republic 203, no. 23 (1990): 22-25.

Ruszar, Jozef. "'Our National Debt Is Our Most Important Problem.' an Exclusive Interview with Lech Walesa." World & I 6, no. 4 (1991): 96-101.

Rzeplinski, Andrzej. "Survey of Presidential Powers in Eastern Europe: Poland." East European Constitutional Review (Fall 1993-Winter 1994), no. 1 (1993): 71-75.

Sabbat-Swidlicka, Anna. "The Electoral Platforms of Presidential Candidates." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 49 (1990): 10-15.

———. "Poland: Weak Government, Fractious Sejm, Isolated President." RFE/RL Research Report 1, no. 15 (1992): 1-7.

———. "Solidarity Parts Company with Walesa." RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 31 (1993): 1-6.

———. "The Walesa Factor." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 17 (1990): 14-16.

———. "Walesa Hails His Inauguration as Beginning of Third Republic." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 5 (1991): 20-24.

———. "Walesa Moves to 'Tidy up' Solidarity." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 25 (1990): 26-29.

———. "Walesa's Conflicts and Ambitions." RFE/RL Research Report 3, no. 14 (1994): 1-6.

Saxonberg, Steven. "The Influence of Presidential Systems: Why the Right Is So Weak in Conservative Poland and So Strong in the Egalitarian Czech Republic." Problems of Post-Communism 50, no. 5 (2003): 22-36.

Sikorski, Radek. "How We Lost Poland." Foreign Affairs 75, no. 5 (1996): 15-22.

Stefoff, Rebecca. Lech Walesa : The Road to Democracy. 1st ed, . New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1992.

Szczesiak, Edmund. Walesa / [Edmund Szczesiak ... Et Al.]. Wyd. 1. ed. Gdansk: Wydawn. Morskie, 1981.

Taras, Ray. "The End of the Walesa Era in Poland." Current History 95, no. 599 (1996): 124-28.

Vinton, Louisa. "Balancing Continuity and Change: Walesa Forms a Government." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 3 (1991): 17-20.

———. "Correcting Pilsudski: Walesa's Nonparty Bloc to Support Reform." RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 35 (1993): 1-9.
———. "Five-Party Coalition Gains Strength, Walesa Proposes 'Little Constitution'." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 49 (1991): 5-12.

———. "A New Team for Walesa." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 41 (1990): 19-21.

———. "Open Division in Walesa's Citizens' Committee." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 27 (1990): 18-20.

———. "The Presidential Elections: Walesa and Tyminski into the Second Round." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 51 (1990): 10-13.

———. "The Presidential Elections: Walesa Elected President." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 51 (1990): 19-21.

———. "Walesa and the Collaboration Issue." RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 6 (1993): 10-17.

———. "Walesa and the Elections." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 44 (1991): 9-13.

———. "Walesa Applies Political Shock Therapy." RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 24 (1993): 1-11.

———. "The Walesa Presidency Takes Shape." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 7 (1991): 10-17.

———. "Walesa Prevails in Citizens' Committee." Report on Eastern Europe 1, no. 30 (1990): 23-28.

———. "Walesa, 'Special Powers,' and the Balcerowicz Plan." Report on Eastern Europe 2, no. 29 (1991): 15-23.

Vnenchak, Dennis. Lech Walesa and Poland, An Impact Biography. New York: Franklin Watts, 1994.

Weschler, Lawrence. "A Reporter at Large: Shock." New Yorker 66, no. 43 (1990): 86-136.

Wierzbicki, Piotr. "Lech Walesa: The Sphinx from Gdansk." Uncaptive Minds 3, no. 5 (1990): 27-31.

Zubek, Voytek. "The Eclipse of Walesa's Political Career." Europe-Asia Studies 49, no. 1 (1997): 107.

———. "Walesa's Leadership and Poland's Transition." Problems of Communism 40, no. 1 (1991): 69-83.